ContentsChapter 1Land and Land Policies11.1Definition and Attributes of Land21.1.1Land in China and Its Connection with Chinese Culture21.1.2Perceptions about Modern Land Systems and Ecological Civilization41.2Classification and Evolution of Land in China71.2.1Modern Land Classification： Serving the Needs of Land Use Efficiency and Management71.2.2Land Resources Classification in the New Era： Serving the Needs of Unified Natural Resources Management and Territorial Spatial Governance91.3Framework for Analyzing China’s Land Policy and Its Basic Logic111.3.1China’s Land Policy Environment111.3.2Land Policy Elements in China121.3.3The Underlying Logic of China’s Land Policy Analysis13Chapter 2Overview of China’s Land Policies212.1Evolution of China’s Land Policies222.1.1Historical Evolution of China’s Land Policy222.1.2Contribution of Land Policy Innovation to Economic andSocial Development342.2Strategic Backgrounds of China’s Land Policies since the Reform and Opening-up362.2.11978-2012： Land Policy Reform with “Efficiency First，Equity Second”362.2.2Since 2012： Promoting the Land Policy Exploration of “Comprehensively Expanding In-depth Reform” in the New Era392.3Legislative Reform and Legal Basis of Land Policy Implementation412.3.1Legal Basis System of China’s Land Policy Implementation412.3.2Legislative Reform Characteristics of Land Policy Implementation in China45Chapter 3Land Tenure Policy513.1Urban-rural Dualistic Land Ownership System523.1.1Basic Concepts of the Urban-rural Dualistic Land Ownership System523.1.2The Evolution of Urban-rural Dualistic Land Ownership System553.1.3Basic Characteristics of the Urban-rural Dualistic Land Ownership System563.2Urban Land Tenure Policy： Separation of Urban Land Tenure and Its Formation and Reform583.2.1The Connotation of the Two Rights of Urban Land and Its Formation583.2.2Urban Land Market and Two Rights to Land603.3Rural Land Tenure Policy and Its Practice of Separation of the Three Rights of Rural Land623.3.1Exploring Rural Land Reform Policies in Different Development Periods623.3.2The Policy of “Separation of the Three Rights” Reform of Contracted Land663.3.3The Policy of “Separation of the Three Rights” of Residential Bases68Chapter 4Land Development Policies734.1Major Function Zoning System and Land Development Control754.1.1Definitions of Major Function，Major Function Area，and Major Function Zoning764.1.2Backgrounds of Introducing and Implementing the Major Function Zoning System764.1.3Guidance Ideology of Implementing the Major Function Zoning System784.1.4Classification of Major Function Areas804.2Urban Land Paid Use Concept and the Market-oriented Supply Policies834.2.1Primary Land Market Mainly Supplied by the Government844.2.2Secondary Land Market Mainly Participated by Market Entities864.3Rural Land Contract Management System and Transfer Policies874.3.1Household Responsibility System884.3.2Encouraging Land Transfer to Adopt the New Mode of Organization in Agriculture914.4Direct Supply-to-market of Rural Profit-oriented Construction Land954.5Rural Residential Land System994.6Land Expropriation System100Chapter 5Land Protection Policies1065.1Cultivated Land Protection1075.1.1Policy Outline1075.1.2Policy Implementation1095.2Industrial and Mining Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration Policy Implementation1155.3Integrated Ecological Protection and Restoration of Territorial Space1175.3.1Concept of Integrated Ecological Protection and Restoration1175.3.2Actions on the Integrated Ecological Protection and Restoration118Chapter 6Land Administration Policies1226.1Land Survey，Land Titling and Land Registration1236.1.1Land Survey System1236.1.2Land Titling and Registration System1246.2Planned Land Supply and Land Reserve System1286.2.1Planned Land Supply with Quota Control1286.2.2Land Reserve System1296.3Land Supervision System and Land Violation Governance1316.3.1Land Supervision System1316.3.2Land Violation Governance1336.4Land Taxation and Land Finance1346.4.1Land Taxation System in China1346.4.2Institutional Arrangements Related to Land Finance136Chapter 7Outlook of China’s Land Policies1407.1International Value of China’s Land Policies1417.1.1Strict Arable Land Protection to Ensure Global Food Security1417.1.2Strengthen the Control of Construction Land and Actively Respond to Global Climate Change1437.2Reflections on China’s Land Policy Facing Ecological Civilization1457.2.1Promoting Land System Reform and Policy Innovation in Key Areas Based on the Concept of Ecological Civilization1457.2.2Implementing the Strictest Cultivated Land Protection System and Economical and Intensive Land Use System in a Green Way1477.2.3Strengthening the Overall Coordination of Land Protection and Utilization in Territorial Spatial Planning with a Good Governance Model149